Write your Python code here:

Execute code using Python 2.7 Python 3.3 Py 2.crazy , hide frames of exited functions show frames of exited functions holistic mode (experimental) , inline primitives and nested objects render all objects on the heap , hide environment parent pointers show environment parent pointers , draw references using arrows use text labels for references , and show everything show only outputs .

Visualize Execution Clear

Here are some example Python code snippets to visualize:

Basic: hello | happy | intro | filter | tokenize | insertion sort | list comprehension

Math: factorial | fibonacci | memoized fibonacci | square root | gcd | towers of hanoi

User Input: raw input

Objects: OOP 1 | OOP 2 | OOP 3 | inheritance

Linked Lists: LL 1 | LL 2 | LL sum

Pointer Aliasing:
aliasing 1 | aliasing 2 | aliasing 3 | aliasing 4
aliasing 5 | aliasing 6 | aliasing 7 | aliasing 8 | sumList

Higher-Order Functions:
closure 1 | closure 2 | closure 3 | closure 4 | closure 5
list map | summation | lambda param | student torture

Python Tricks:
decorators | generators | gen expr | varargs | exceptions | for-else | nonlocal | metaclass

HTML rendering (experimental code by Chris Meyers):
[WARNING: will set toggle option from "show everything" to "show only outputs"]
minPath | knapsack | sieve | fib

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To share this visualization, click the 'Generate URL' button above and share that URL. To report a bug, paste the URL along with a brief error description in an email addressed to philip@pgbovine.net

Online Python Tutor supports Python 2.7 and Python 3.3 with limited module imports and no file I/O. The following modules may be imported: bisect, collections, datetime, functools, heapq, itertools, json, math, operator, random, re, string

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